Introduction: Trauma Brain Injury (TBI) is nerve damage caused by mechanical forces such as linear forces with acceleration and deceleration, rotational forces (force created by the winds resulting from the explosion), and penetration of the object thrown to the head can cause impaired in various aspects of communication, cognitive, and language skills including the grammar and morphology. The present study aims to investigate and compare grammar production skills (morphology) in patients with TBI and healthy non-TBI people.
Methods: This study is of cross-sectional type and morphological skills (morphological derivations and tenses of verbs) of 20 patients with moderate severity (GCS=8-13) in the sub-acute phase (one to three weeks after the trauma) with healthy non-TBI people compared. The age range of people was 18-45 years old, and they were classified into four educational subgroups. The morphological derivations section of the bilingual aphasia test (BAT), the verb tense test and the Mann-Whitney statistical test were used.
Results: The results showed that there is a significant difference in the morphological derivations and the correct production of verb tenses in all three tenses (past, present, and future) between patients with TBI and healthy non-TBI people (p<0.05). In such a way, the skills required to produce correct verb tenses and morphological derivations are significantly lower in patients with TBI.
Conclusion: The correct production of verb tenses and morphological derivation skills are significantly impaired in patients with TBI compared to non-TBI people. Most problems with verb tenses in patients with moderate TBI were seen in the past tense and then the future tense, with a slight difference in the present tense of verbs. Impairing to these items can cause problems in the production of their daily speech and, as a result, reduce the communication skills of these patients.