Introduction: In trauma patients, various severity scoring indices have been developed to predict the severity of injury and mortality. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between severity scoring indices for predicting survival in moderate and severe trauma patients.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 100 trauma patients. Information on each of the Shock Index, Glasgow Coma Scale/Age/Pressure (GAP), RGAP, New Trauma Score (NTS), Mechanism/Glasgow Coma Scale/Age/Pressure (MGAP), Modified Early Warning Score (MEWS), and Trauma and Injury Severity Score (TRISS) indices was separately completed for moderate and severe trauma patients. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 21.
Results: In this study, no significant differences were observed between surviving and deceased patients in terms of the Shock Index, GAP, RGAP, NTS, MGAP, MEWS, and TRISS indices. However, in all these indices, significant differences were observed between multi-trauma patients with and without morbidity. According to the ROC curve, a value less than 92.5% for the SPO2 variable was the best cutoff point for predicting the probability of death in multi-trauma patients. Also, ROC curves showed that a value higher than 95.5% for SPO2, a GCS score less than 7.5, an RR value less than 19.5, a GAP score less than 14.5, an RGAP score less than 13.5, an MGAP score less than 18, a TRISS score less than 54.2, an MEWS score higher than 3.5, and an NTS score less than 14.5 were the best ways to tell if a patient with multiple injuries was likely to be hospitalized.
Conclusion: The GAP, RGAP, MGAP, NTS, and TRISS scoring systems performed well in predicting morbidity in multi-trauma patients. However, according to the ROC curve, the GAP and RGAP indices performed slightly better than other indices. The findings of this study can be useful in better assessing survival rates, mortality, and timely treatment and intervention in trauma patients.